Ukadaulo wapakatikati wa zida zolekanitsa za membrane ndiukadaulo wolekanitsa wa membrane. Ma membrane olekanitsa ndi zida zomwe zili ndi kuthekera kosankha kulekanitsa. Mfundo yawo yogwirira ntchito imadalira-makina sieving. Njira yolekanitsa imagwiritsa ntchito njira yolekanitsa ya nembanemba kuti ilekanitse magawo osiyanasiyana amadzimadzi amadzimadzi kapena kuyika zigawo zogwira mtima.
Zida zamakono zolekanitsa ma membrane zimasiyana ndi kusefera kwachikhalidwe chifukwa nembanemba imatha kudzipatula pamlingo wa maselo. Kuphatikizika kwa -kuyendetsa kwa nembanemba kumatha kuthana ndi vuto la kuyipitsa ndi kutsekeka, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wasayansi wolekanitsa.
Kukula kwa ntchito zolekanitsa za membrane kuyenera kutengera mawonekedwe a dongosolo lazinthu ndi zofunikira pakupanga, kuphatikiza kutsimikizira kwasayansi kudzera muzoyeserera. Pothetsa vuto la kuyeretsedwa kwa zinthu, kuthekera kwa njirayi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa, ndipo kuyenera kukhala koyenera kupanga mafakitale oyera.
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zingapo zolekanitsa nembanemba monga ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, kupatukana kwa mpweya, dialysis, electrodialysis, ndi kupatukana kwa membrane wamadzi. Chifukwa cha masanjidwe osiyanasiyana a nembanemba ndi njira zolekanitsa, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida. Nthawi zina, kutengera cholinga kapena ntchito, zimatchedwa ma ultrafilters, permeators, dialyzers, electrodialyzers, or desalination units, ndi zina zotero. Chitukuko chamtsogolo ndi cha automation ndi kufewetsa.